REPORT 



777 

D3 A3 

lopy 1 



BOHRD QF MANAGEMENT 



WORLD'S INDUSTRIAL 



-AND- 



Cotton Centennial Exposition 



-TO TiiE- 



PRESIDENT. 



FEBRUARY 2d, 1883. 



MEW ORLEANS : 

W. B. Stansbury & Co., Piinters, 3S Natchez Street. 

iSS S .- 



H 

w 

M 

M 

P 
P-i 

H 



CM 



CO 

5: 



ai 

tt 
& 



go 



CO 



s 



H 



c 
fee 

1—1 

ft 
p 
p 
o 

5?: 






3 CO 



^ pq 
P w 

^ O 

Eh ^ 
H <| 
O 

O 

o 

o 

p 

!zi 



R 

P 

B 

OQ 


H 

p 

tu 

EH 



p 



r » 



« 



E 

h- 



E 

G 

h 



P 
h 

c 

c 

h 

P 

P 

P 



JUST PUBLISHED, 

In Demy 4to, Cloth, with 46 large folding Plates, Price 25s. 

A TREATISE 






t 




IN'CLUDINT! 



LAND, LOCOMOTIVE, AND MARINE ENGINES 
AND BOILERS, 

FOE THE USE OE STUDENTS. 



FREDERICK COLYER, 1V1.Inst.CE., M.Inst.M.E., 

CIVIL ENGINEER ; 

AUTHOR OF 'BREWERIES AND MALTINGS, THEIR ARRANGEMENT AND CONSTRUCTION, ETC.'; 'HYDRAULIC, STEAM, AND HAND-POWER LIFTING 

AND PRESSING MACHINERY*; 'PUMPS AND TUMPING MACHINERY 1 ; ' GASWORES ARRANGEMENT AND CONSTRUCTION, 

PLANT AND MACHINERY*; 'WORKING AND MANAGEMENT OF STEAM BOILERS AND ENGINES.' 



CONTENTS. 



Introduction. — Steam — Properties — Evaporation oi' Water — First 
Introduction of — Pressure of Steam used. 

Original Engines. — First introduction and practical working of 
Steam Engines — Improvements of James Watt — Description of 
early Engines — Rotative Engines first invented — Early Pump- 
ing Engines. 

Boilers. — Generation of Steam and way of working — Cylindrical 
Boilers — Details of Construction and Dimensions — Boiler Fit- 
tings — Furnaces — Feed-water — Steam aod Safety Valves — 
Boiler Settings — Consumption of Fuel — Pule for Horse-power 
— Cornish Boilers — Construction — Dimensions, &c. — Lanca- 
shire Boilers — Proportions and Dimensions — CoDical Tubes — 
Strength of Riveted Joints — Multitubular Boilers — Tables of 
Horse-power and Dimensions of Boilers — Brickwork Settings — 
Brickwork Shafts — Vertical Boilers — Multitubular ditto — Cross- 
tube ditto — Field-tube ditto — Sizes of Vertical Boilers — Water 
Heaters — Donkey Feed-pumps — Injectors — Smoke- consuming 
Furnaces — Brunton's — Juckes' — Hazeldine's — Wright's. 



Beam Engines.— High-pressure Beam Engines — Dimensions — 
Construction — Description of parts — Working of the Engine — 
Method of Controlling the Speed — Speed of Engines per minute 
— Area of Steam aod Exhaust Ports. Condensing Beam Engines : 
— Details of parts — Way of Working — Pressure of Steam — 
Proportions of parts — Speed of Engines. Compound Condensing 
Engines: — Description — Economy in Working — Pressure of 
Steam — Consumption of Coal — Cylinder Valves and Slides — 
Purpose used for. 

Cornish Beam Engines.— Date first used — Dimensions — Descrip- 
tion of parts — Method of Working — Example of an Engine- 
Dimensions of all parts — Horse-power — Duty — Consumption of 
Coal — Foundations. Cornish Bull Engines.- — Description of 
Engine — Dimensions of a pair — Duty — Horse-power — Coal 
Consumed. 

Horizontal Engines.— Detailed Description of parts — High-pressure 
Engines — Way of Working— Speed of Engine — Area of ports 
—Foundations — Clothing of Cylinders — Advantages of this type 



Horizontal Engines — con tin tied, 

of Engines — Lubricators — Use of Steel — Balance of workiug 
parts. Horizontal Condensing Engines :— Construction — Speed 

— Cylinders clothed — Position of Air-pump and Condenser — 
Simpson & Co.'s pair of Engines — Details. Horizontal Compound 
Engines: — Details of Construction — Different way of arranging 
the parts — Economy in Working — Example of a pair of Engines 

— Piston Speed — Simpson & Co.'s Engine — Details. 

Oscillating Engines. — Horizontal — Details of Construction — Pur- 
poses used for — Pressure of Steam — Piston Speed — Dimensions 

of 4 Horse-power Engine. Vertical Oscillating Engines; — Con- 
struction — Various forms of — Double-cylinder Engines — Friction 
of Engines. 

Vertical High-Pressure Engines. — Table Engines — Cylinders 
inverted — Details of each form — A -Frame Engines — Entabla- 
ture Engines — Trunk Engines — Advantages in using these 
Engines, &c. Vertical Condensing Engines: — Entablature and 
A-Frame types — Compound Vertical Engines — Different Designs 
— Way of Working — Simpson & Co.'s Vertical Engine. 

Special Engines. — Blowing Engines — A'ertical and Horizontal — 
Pressure of Blast — Dimensions of Engines — Beam type. Wind- 
ing Engines, Horizontal — Beam Winding Engines. Ventilating 
Engines — Air-compressing Engines. Pumping Engines: — Ver- 
tical and Horizontal — Dimensions of Engines by Simpson & Co. 

Portable Enginjs. — Agricultural Engines — Boilers — Details of 
Engines — Pressure of Steam — 8 Horse-power Engine by Clayton & 
Shuttleworth — Port-able Pumping Engines by G. Waller & Co. — 
Pressure of Steam — Work done — Steam Fire-engines : — Dimen- 
sions. Tract inn Engine-; — Ploughing Engines — Stcmn Road Rollers. 



Locomotive Engines.— Early Engines— The " Rocket' 1 — " Planet" 
—Improvements of G. and R. Stephenson — Boilers — Fittings — 
Frames and Wheels — Outside and Inside Cylinder Engines — 
Pressure of Steam — Dimensions of Engines on English Railways 
—Great Northern Express Engines — Midland Railway Express 
Engines — London and North- Western Railway Passenger Express 
Engines — London and North - Western Railway Compound 
Engines — London and South- Western Railway Express Engines 
— Great Eastern Railway Passenger Engines — Great Eastern 
Railway Goods Engines — North London Railway Company 
Passenger Engines — Speed — Coal used — Heating Surface of 
Boilers— Weight of Engines, &c — Light Tank Engines— Details 
of various types. 

Marine Engines.— Early History— Principal types of Engines first 
used — Steam Pressure — Paddle-wheel Vessels — Screw first used — 
Construction of Engines— Side Lever — Direct-acting Engines — 
Construction of Paddle-wheels — Coal Bunkers — Direct-acting 
. Vertical Engines — Steeple Engines — Trunk Engines — Dimensions 
of— Surface Condensers— Air, Cold-water, and Bilge Pumps — 
Compound Trunk Engines by J. Penn & Sons— Dimensions- 
Return Connecting-rod Engines by Maudslay, Sons, & Field- 
Dimensions— Oscillating Engines— Dimensions of— Horizontal 
Compound Engines by Maudslay & Co.— Dimensions— Vertical 
Compound — Compound Engines by Maudslay— Details of Marine 
Engines— Steam Pipes— Blow- through Valves— Donkey Engines 
— Superheaters — Kingston's Valves — Boilers— Details of Con- 
strue tiou— Safety Fittings— Low and High Pressure Boilers- 
Examples — Engines for Steam Launches— Boilers for 
Details of Engines. r 

Index. 



LIST OF DRAWINGS. 



1. Boiler— Cylindrical. 

2. „ Cornish. 

3. „ Lancashire. 

4. „ Field's Patent Tube. 

5. Donkey Steam Pumps, Thornewill & Warham. 

6. Beam Engines— High-pressure, G. Waller & Co. * 

7. „ Condensing, Simpson & Co. 

8. „ Compound ("Mill'' Engine), Simpson & Co. 

9. Cornish "Beam." 

10. „ " Bull." 

11. Horizontal High-pressure Engines. 

12. „ Condensing, Simpson & Co. 

13. „ Compound (" Tandem "), Simpson & Co. 

14. Oscillating Engines, G. Waller & Co. 

15. Vertical High -pressure Eugine (" Table"), G. Waller & Co. 

16. „ „ „ ("Inverted Cylinder"), G. Waller 

&Co. 

17. „ „ „ (" Side Frame "), G. Waller & Co. 

18. „ Condensing Eugine, G. Waller & Co. 

19. „ Compound Engine, Simpson & Co. 

20. Blowing Engine — Horizontal, Hick & Co. 

21. Hauling „ „ Thornewill & Warham. 

22. Air-compressing Engine — Horizontal, Fowler & Co. 

23. Pumping Engine ("Beam"), Simpson & Co. 

24. Portable Engines, Clayton & Shuttleworth. 

25. „ Pumping Engines, G. Waller & Co. 

26. Locomotive — Express (Great Northern Railway), P. Stirling. 



Locomotive — Express (Great Northern Railway), P. Stirling. 

„ ,, (London and North- Western Railway), High- 

pressure, F. W. Webb. 

„ (London and North- Western Railway), Compound, 

P. W. Webb. 

„ (Loudon and North-Western Railway), Compound, 

F. W. Webb. 

„ Express (London and South- Western Railway), 

W. Adams. 
(North London Railway), J. C. Park. 



Express (Great Eastern Railway), T. W. Worsdell. 

Goods „ „ „ 

Tank „ „ „ 

; Engine — Side-lever Engine, Maudslay, Sons, & Field. 
„ Trunk Engines (Compound), J. Penn & Sons. 

„ Oscillating Engine, Maudslay, Sons, & Field. 

„ Return Connecting-rod Engine (H.M.S. "Ajax"), 

Maudslay, Sons, & Field. 
„ Horizontal Compound Patent Engine (H.M.S. 

"Sirius"), Maudslay, Sons, & Field, 
„ Vertical Compound Engine, Maudslay, Sons, & 

Field. 
; Low-pressure Boiler, Maudslay, Sons, & Field, 
High-pressure Boiler (oval), „ 

„ „ (circular) „ 



E. & F. N. SPON, 125, STRAND, LONDON. 



o a < 



a % 



a < 

3 e 



M CO 

pa m 
d w 



SHS 



■S 2 



to s 



S5 






>- w S-i 



/'" 



CO 

H 
Z 
HI 

z 
o 
o 



" 3 

Oj co 



S .5 
.— ^ 

bDtJ 

d o 



pq 



ft 1 



=H 



60 0) 



o ,§ 
o o 
CO 



ft 



s l 



d fl 



S 'd 

n, O 

P«- & 
5 ° CO 

i J.2 

ft ft 



o ^ P o 

4J o u o 

2 'd P 



O 



feD as -j p 
^3 o P3 ci 

Mr o° 



CD 

d 
bJD 



§2 

o 
n3 



s || a 

t« o M d 
O i o 

" en r< 



g » 

flog 

08 

a 

PQ 



<& 



o s d o 
p ~ J cd d 
(5 f^ CO Ph 



ft | o o g 

^ d 5" ft H 

i p h '£ "" 

dog: 

_, co co £. 

m H a CD x 

d cs g q ft 

.2 <~ O , i 
§ ° I 1 

CP CD I •• O 

S ft >> s w 

S|s| I 

H ijQ Si I 

1 P | B8J.-S 

^ I fe.fl 

CO I O S3 , 

d bD P S 

*= p 9 fia ' 
v> T2 V .'d 

,d T. O ,-* C3 
'« g 81 "^ Ch 

A W I * 

7 ° I to *s 

'. d [0 
E 9 -g CO 

2 "S S CO g 

Pi o ft d .2 

•rL *m . o co 

. &p 3 pd • - c 

; d | «s ts 2 

5 h i2 co 3 p 
« h d d ° i 

3 (S * o fe 

ta g .d § d 
■3 -B P O W 

H 
O 

o 






M < 



v. O C 

■g d g 

o ^ 1 

d <« 

•2 g 
"Sj'd o 
Sod 
o ft.S 

P j O 

% d " 
^ .3 bD 

J ^ d 

9 eS co 



cS 



CO 



cS - 

■e .5 s 

O 



w 



Em 
I 

o 

d 
_o 

s 

ft-r! 



hn d d 
on a 

• d '-43 ft 

O r£ 
& CO j 

r- P W 



fn 



P O --j CD 

^d rd ii* co 

~ o 



Q PQ 



d OT 

H o 

P d 



O co o 

1 CO -^> 

rn M P t d 



be 



a 



ICO 
d , w 



CS 



CQ 



o to o ,d 



«8 



e -s. si. 



bD 2 
.5 § 



d cS 
& ^ § 

p o -d 



P 



c3 S° 

Ob,? 



s •■?, 



<s s 



o o 



"8 ^"§1 

t- CD P 

-3 S P 



^ i 

o P 
c3 d 



'd -d 
H .d 

a ft 



£ 
P 



1 M 5 rS 

co -p "d -g 
||§« 

« ^2 % 1 
sh PQ S '■§ 



^£§ 



'r^ 



ft C5 

s -g 



6 

cS 
o 



O c3 

I ! 

w ^ 



dfi 

.2^ 

1 § 



PQ £ 
o 



co 



03 rt 

o 

o N 

'd kS 

1 1 



fc 



Pi -5 
O o 

!-§ 

-d d 

O M 



5 co I 

5J O CO 

•S P o 

HP! 

•a I >» 

•HCO o 

•r-t 
M 

o 



'bfl 

d 
P 

bD 

d 



d j« 

o rd 

•■53 $ 

7* o 

s p 

o 

o I 



§1 



3 o 
P £ 



I O o I 
^ PQ • 

CO >^ _ 

co fl r _ H O 

m .2 g .-a 

•5 s --s ^ 

l-S CD S O 

^.§^-§ 

P 3 «« Cm 



ft gj "d 



^ o 



CO 



d o 

17 



PQ 



'R co 'o m 

CO -d ft rS 

bD 

d 



fe ^) 



S p 

• M 

o 

n 



co 3 ° o 

bD d3 CJ .d 

2 ^ I rn 



p 



O E- O 

ii ° 'm 

co H P 



■S -S ' <n 



1 a 



REPDRT 



BDARD DF MANAGEMENT 



WDRLD'S INDUSTRIAL 



•AND- 



Cnttnn GEntEJinial ExuDsition 



-TD THE ^ 



PRESIDENT 



February 2d, IBB 5 



NEW ORLEANS : 

W. B. Stansburv & Co., Printers, 38 Natchez Street, 

1885. 



\ is -v 



■■} 



^ 



WDRKLTS EXF.DSITIDN, 

EIRECTDR GENERAL'S OFFICE, 

New Orleans, 2d February, 1885. 



To the President: 

I am instructed by the Management of the World's Industrial 
and Cotton Centennial Exposition, created by Act of Congress, 
approved February 10, 1883, to submit the following statement 
respecting the Exhibition, for the Information of the President 
and Congress : 

Receipts and Expenditures World's Industrial and Cotton 

Centennial Exposition, 

RECEIPTS. 

From Stock and Donations $584,168 00 

U. S. Government Loan 1,000,000 00 

Installation Eeceipts 93 948 39 

\ V^^ 1 * 6 Receipts 73,292 60 

' tfJr deficit— Excess of Expenditures 319,422 95 

^ / 

$2,070,831 94 
EXPENDITURES. 

For Construction $959 211 17 

Machinery Department 244 411 14 

Park Improvement 130 803 77_) 

States and Territories 192 669 38 

Handling Installation of Government and 

State Exhibits 20 400 00 ^) 

Purchase and Bepairs of Eailroad 61,757 77 ^ 

Agricultural Department 29 252 05 

Educational 10> 527 03 

Installation Department, Main Building 46,271 87 

Transportation Department 21 605 88 

Information and Accommodation Department 3,942 80 



4 

Art Department 4 > 926 3f> 

Woman's Department n > 688 33 

Colored Department 16 > 152 m 

Hauling, Furniture, Stationery, Travel, Office 

General Expenses 55 > 634 79 

Salaries 41 > 032 56 

Special Commissioners, Foreign and Domestic 9,107 48 

Agencies— New York, Boston, Chicago, Wash- 
ington, Philadelphia, Cincinnati and Lou- 

• „ .... 14,693 97 

lsville ' 

Interest and Discount 5 > 176 15 

. . 4,566 65 

Commissions ' 

Miscellaneous Accts. in course of settlement. 3,364 08 

Fuel, Lights, Police, Fire Department 74,403 53 

mil .... 1^,669 68 

Telegraph ' 

„ , & 2,327 00 

Postage ' 

Printing, Advertising, News, Press 23,248 51 

Posters, Folders, Cuts, Lithographs, Postage 

and Mailing UfiMJ* 

$2,070,831 94 
The first installment ol the loan from the United States Gov- 
ernment, under the Act approved May 21, 1884, was received 

July 14, 1884. 

Commissioners were dispatched to Europe, agencies were es- 
tablished in New York, Boston, Philadelphia, Washington, 
Chicago, Cincinnati and Louisville, and every possible effort 
made to carry out the purposes of the Act in creating national 
and international interest. 

Under the act of Congress the Exhibition should have opened 

December 1st. 

By the 15th of November the applications for space far ex- 
ceeded the amount at the disposal of the Management, and it 
became evident that additional buildings would be required, or 
that a large number of interesting foreign and domestic exhib- 
its would be excluded. 

By that time it also became apparent that the movement of 
such vast quantities of material and merchandise simultaneously 
with the movement of our staple crops and winter stocks of 



-6Q 



goods, would result in delaying the installation of exhibits be- 
yond the day fixed for the opening. General interest in the 
Exposition was not manifested in Europe until the passage of 
the bill appropriating $1,000,000, and the renewal through 
the State Department of the invitation authorized by Congress 
to be extended to foreign governments and their citizens. This 
action, supplemented by the work of our Commissioners, secured 
the active participation of many foreign governments and citi- 
zens, but the exhibits were too late in shipment to reach here 
by the 1st of December. These considerations decided the Man- 
agement to postpone the opening until December 16. Failure to 
secure such franchises as were required by the railroads termi- 
nating in Xew Orleans as a condition precedent to the gratuitous 
extension of the double track, third rail to the Exposition 
grounds and buildings, a single track road previously construct- 
ed was purchased by the Management, surfaced and placed at 
the disposal of the Trunk lines for freight service, and about 
two miles of side tracks were laid to the principal buildings and 
yards, at a total cost of $61,757 77. 

A season of unprecedented rain and storms rendered streets 
impassable, retarded and vastly increased the cost ot installation 
and construction, by compelling an enormous increase of force 
working night and day. 

Over 7000 car-loads of exhibits and material were handled at 
the expense of the Exposition. 

The natural resources of forty-six of the Siates and Territories, a 
aggregating more than 1000 car-loads, or quite 10,000 tons in \ 
weight, also the exhibits of the respective departments of the ' 
United States Government, were unloaded from cars and con- 
veyed to the spaces to be occupied in the building erected by 
the Management for Government and State exhibits, and at the 
expense of the Exposition. 

Weighty machinery, agricultural implements and miscel- 
laneous exhibits were unloaded from cars, Exposition wharf 
and wagons, to the amount of 50,000 tons, and conveyed to 
exhibiting space in the Main and other buildings at the expense 
of the Exposition, and much of this labor was performed at 
night at double expense. 
Owing to the causes above enumerated, coupled with delay 



:$ 



6 

in the installation of exhibits from foreign countries, and tardy 
receipt of exhibits shipped by rail, the Exhibition was not com- 
pleted on the day of opening. 

The attendance was at first most promising, but storms con- 
tinued to prevail, a street car strike interrupted travel, and 
most discouraging reports were sent broadcast throughout the 
country, or carried back to their homes by disappointed visitors. 

These conditions impaired the revenues from $5000 to $10,000 
per day; and having already exhausted our resources, the 
Management has been most seriously embarrassed by indebted- 
ness, which has rapidly accumulated until the 27th of January, 
since which time the receipts have met the current expenditures, 
and we are now rejoicing in weather which gives promise of an 
increase in attendance. 

Two months after the date fixed for the opening, therefore, 
the financial condition of the enterprise shows a deficit of 
$319,422.95, to which should be added unliquidated accounts of 
Electric Light Companies, $25,000 ; awards in Agricultural 
Department to February 1, $25,000, making a total of $3(39,422.95 
in liabilities. 

The cash in the treasury amounts to $18,671.74, and margins 
on collaterals to the amount of $34,000 are held by banks, 
making the net deficit $316,752.21. 

At an expenditure of $989,211.17, the Management erected 
the following buildings, namely : Area Covered. 

Square Feet. 

Main Building 1,656,000 

Government and State Exhibit Building... 648,825 

Six Live Stock Barns 136,080 

Horticultural Hall 116,400 

Iron Machinery Extension 42,000 

Iron Saw Mill Building 36,000 

Iron Boiler House 28,000 

Iron Art Gallery 25,000 

Iron Wagon Building . 24,000 

Iron Brick and Tile Building 12,000 

Eight Ornamental Entrances ~] 

Three Police Buildings 

One Drainage Station y 12,000 

One Waterwork Station 

One Electric Light Building 

Total Area covered 2,726,305 



7 

It was originally contemplated to place the exhibits of the 
various States and Territories in the Main Building ; bnt the 
enormous demands for space for the general exhibits completely 
absorbed all the available space in this Bnildiug, and rendered 
necessary the construction of additional buildings, as follows : 
Government and State Exhibit Building 885x565 feet. 

Saw Mill Machinery 600x60 " 

Mill and Factory 570x120 " 

Brick and Ore Crushing 300x60 " 

Wagons 420x60 « 

In addition to the buildings constructed by the Management, 
there have been erected upon the grounds : 

Mexican Commission and Headquarters Building. 

Mexican Building for Mineral Exhibit. 

Two Public Comfort Buildings. 

One Bankers' Building. 

One Furniture Pavilion. 

One Terra Cotta Exhibit Building. 

Ten structures of various sizes by individuals, aggregating 
120,000 square feet, and making a total area of space covered by 
roof of 2,820,000 square feet. 

Six of the buildings constructed by the Management are cov- 
ered with iron, one principally with glass, and the remainder, 
embracing the principal buildings, are of Southern pine. 

The quantity of lumber used was 17,000,000 feet, and the aver- 
age cost of the Iron, Glass and Wooden buildings, covering 
2,726,305 square feet, was 37 cents a square foot of space, includ- 
ing the cost of construction of the Music Hall of the Main 
Building, which has a seating capacity of 10,000 persons. 

The two main buildings of the World's Exposition cover a 
combined area of 2,291,855 square feet ; or a greater area than 
was covered by the Main Buildings of the London Exhibition of 
1862, Paris of 1878, Vienna of 1873 combined, or a larger area 
than the Main buildings of the London Exhibition of 1862, say 
1,400,000 square feet, and the Centennial of 1876, 876,206 square 
feet, combined. 
i The area covered by the buildings erected by the Management 
/ equals the entire exhibiting area covered by all the buildings 



8 

erected at the Centennial by the Centennial Commission, U. S. 
Government, Foreign Governments, States and. Territories, 
and at less than one -fifth the cost. 

The expenditure of $244,411.14 in the Machinery Department 
covers the purchase and laying of 26,400 feet of water pipe, 
extending throughout the grounds and buildings, connected with 
Worthington pumps of the capacitity for forcing four million 
gallons of water per day to an elevation of 100 feet, and hose 
placed at convenient points for fire protection. Part purchase 
and erection of filtering system, with a capacity of filtering 
80,000 gallons of Mississippi water per hour, and connected with 
pipes for carrying clear water to the coolers in all buildings. 

Erection and fitting of twenty-six air-brake safety elevators 
for carrying visitors to the galleries of Main and Government 
Buildings. 

Construction of refrigerating apparatus to make five tons of 
ice per day for use of visitors. 

Three cold storage rooms, 370 feet in length, for preserving 
fruits, fish, vegetables and dairy products. 

Purchase and rental of sixteen batteries, fifty-three boilers, 
5300 horse power, setting same in position and making steam 
connection, in addition to boilers set up by exhibitors. 

Handling foundations and fittings of 5937 horse power of en- 
gines, say forty-six in number, ranging in size from twenty horse 
power to 650 horse power; also connections for 110 other steam 
engines, taking steam as exhibits only, making an aggregate of 
engines in the Exhibition giving 1047 horse power. 

Purchase and fittiug of 31,750 running feet of steam pipe and 
two and a quarter miles in length of cold rolled shafting, with 
pulleys, belting, etc. 

The Electric Light Plant consists of : 

Seventy-three dynamos. 

Four thousand Edison incandescent lamps. 

Eight hundred Louisiana Electric Light Co.'s arc lamps and 
five 36,000 candle power lights. 

Three hundred Brush arc lamps. 

One hundred and forty Thompson & Houston arc lamps. 

One hundred and forty Jenny arc lamps, with five towers. 



9 

Our machinery plant or motive power for the Exhibition is the 
largest ever collected. 

The Centennial was opened with a 1400 horse power Corliss 
engine, and about 600 horse power was added ; it requires 1900 

horse power of the 5937 to light the buildings and grounds of 
the World's Exposition, the remainder running exhibits. 

ENGINES FURNISHING MOTIVE POWER. 

Harris-Corliss Engine, 30x72 650 Horse Power 

Reynolds Corliss, 32x60 600 " " 

Brown, 28x60 400 " " 

Wetherell Corliss, 24x48 350 " " 

Wheelock, 24x48 300 " " 

Esies, 20x36 336 " "• 

Taylor, 18x24 125 « " 

Buckeye, 15x27 150 " " 

Payne, 16x28 150 " " 

Lane & Bodley Corliss, 16x42 125 " " 

Beading Iron Works 150 " " 

Atlas 65 " " 

Armingtou & Sims 35 " 

Six Westinghouse 146 " u 

Six Armmgton & Sims 600 " " 

Armington & Sims 40 " "• 

Four New York Safety 200 " '- 

Russell i 50 " " 

Ball .' 60 « « 

Westinghouse 150 " " 

Smith, Meyers & Snier 200 " " 

Fulton Iron Works 125 " « 

Allis 200 " " 

Stearns 200 " "• 

Taylor 75 " " 

Bocage — Pine Bluff 50 " " 

Lane & Bodley 50 " " 

Russell 30 " « 

Salem 30 " " 

Erie 20 " " 

Harris Corliss, Government Building 150 " " 

Russell Planing Mill 25 « " 

Hewes & Phillips 100 " " 

5937 



10 

Improvements of Grounds, 
The location was unimproved and required drainage canals 
and pipes, embankments, sewerage, fences, bridges, five miles of 
plank, gravel and shell roads and walks, excavations for three 
artificial lakes, together with extensive asphalt walks connect- 
ing the principal buildings and extending to the wharf entrance* 

eight thousand ornamental and forest trees were planted, foun- 
tains were placed and grass planted, involving a total expendi- 
ture of $130,803.77. 

State, Territorial and G-overnment Exhibits, 

In order to secure a complete collection of the resources of the 
nation, the Board of Management appropriated $5000 to aid 
each State and Territory in defraying the expeuse of gathering 
and displaying their exhibits, subject to draft of the Governor, 
and to be expended by the United States Commissioner ap- 
pointed by the President. Where it was desired that the 
Management provide Commissioner's Office and State Head- 
quarters, $1000 of said appropriation was so applied. 

Payments have been made on account of the States 
and Territories to the amount of $192,009.38, and for handling 
and installation of United States Government and State ex- 
hibits $20,400.U0. 

The building erected for the special accommodation of the 
United States Government and State Exhibits cost $265,000.00, 
a total expenditure of $478,069.38 from the Government loan for 
the State, Territorial and Government display. 

The expenditure has been productive of the most satisfactory 
results ; every State and Territory of the Union, except Utah, 
has presented a collection of resources. 

Owing to the fact that the appropriation only became availa- 
ble July 14th, the Department of Woman's Work and the Depart- 
ment of Colored Exhibits were quite late in organization. Not- 
withstanding this fact, extraordinary progress has been made. 

The Department of Woman's Work have secured splendid 
exhibits, covering 35,400 square feet of space, and the Depart- 
ment of Colored Exhibits occupy 22,600 square feet, in the build- 
ing for Government and State exhibits. 

The east and south galleries of this building are occupied by 



11 

educational exhibit, of the States ana Territories, United States 
tw^entandforeignedncationalexhibite.eoTenngarnnnmg 

tenth of L500 feet, or 5S,000 feet of exhibiting space. 

T Ken altogether, this beautiful building contams a wondrous 
cone Hon o, Lerica's resource.,. Clustering around the Umted 
Stete! Government exhibits arc the States and Tennto nes, £ 
ter.oer.ed with displays of great railroad systems, and sup 
rldta the galleries by the flrst eflorts of the color ed race 
,, the display of their progre.., further einbe] ..he . b, h 
magnificent exhibits of Education and Woman's work. Tins 
Stag fotm. an exhibition in itself most gratifying and m- 

^fbuUding has an area of floor .pace of 638,828 square feet, 
and contains the following exhibits : 



Square Feet. 

United States Govern- 
ment 109,325 

Texas 18,1 4o 

California 14,450 

Kentucky "M™ 

Mississippi 11,81- 

it ei9 

Tennessee ' ,tt 

North Carolina 11,675 

Virginia 10 ' 17 _? 

South Carolina 10,175 

Iowa 1( V^ 5 

Minnesota 10,1 I? 

Nebraska 10,175 



Square Feet. 

Indiana 6,800 

Illinois 6 > 750 

Wisconsin 6 > 750 

Ohio 6 '3 5 ° 

Michigan 6 > 750 

Colorado ^ 600 

Connecticut M 68 

Missouri 6,000 

Pennsylvania 5,400 

Maine M 1 ' 

Montana 4 > 275 

New Hampshire 4,305 

Georgia 



3,957 



jNeDrasiia j~- ~ } 770 

„ 10 175 Nevada <V' U 

Kansas 1V ' UU , , . i ^ fi(55 

9 S05 Rhode Island <^ 000 

3,600 



9,800 



Louisiana 

Arkansas 

Florida 8 > 325 

Maryland 

Alabama 

New Jersey 

New York 

Massachusetts 7 > 031 

New Mexico °> y00 

Richmond and Danville 

system 12 ' 045 

Chicago, Milwaukee and St. Paul Railroad 



8,269 
7,800 
7,400 
7,200 



Delaware 

Oregon 

Wyoming 

Arizona 

West Virginia 3,200 

Vermont :3 > 0€ 

Washington Territory 

Idaho 

Queen and Crescent sys- 
tem 10 , 125 



3,525 
3,525 
3,300 



2,585 
2,160 



2,500 



12 

GALLERY. 

Colored Department 22,600 Department of Woman's 

Educational Departm'nt.58,000 Work 35,400 

The Main Building and extensions are filled with exhibits, and 
fully twelve hundred applicants have been refused because of 
a want of space, notwithstanding the fact that several addi- 
tional buildings were erected or put under construction after it 
was discovered in November that the extensive buildings pre- 
viously constructed were utterly inadequate. 

Large quantities of machinery and other exhibits, for which 
no space can be found, remain here awaiting the possibility of 
additional buildings, or the completion of those began. Work 
has been discontinued on newly designed buildings, not com- 
pleted owing to lack of funds. 

Foreign countries occupy the following amount of space allot- 
ted in the centre of the Main Building, viz : 

Square Feet. Square Feet. 

Austria— Hungary 16,008 Belgium 28,508 

Brazil 612 British Honduras 2,304 

China 3,072 Costa Kica 672 

France 28,84S Germany 5,412 

Great Britain 16,008 Guatemala 1,440 

Honduras 2,184 Italy 8,671 

Jamaica 1,632 Japan 6,720 

Mexico 36,852 Bussia 16,508 

Sandwich Islands 576 San Salvador 288 

Siam 576 Spain 1,440 

Venezuela 576 

Other exhibits are grouped as follows, viz : 

Machinery exhibits 455,400 square feet 

General exhibits 413,400 

Furniture exhibits 34,200 

Carriage exhibits 52,364 

Art Furniture and Decoration 86,300 

Mills 36,000 

Machine Tools 42,000 

Textile exhibits 61,344 

Food Products exhibits — manufactured 68,660 

Educational exhibits — commercial 31,672 

Manufactures of metals 43,672 



13 



DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE. 

600 Exhibits of Farm and Garden Products, 70,000 square feet. 
225 Exhibits of Agricultural Machinery, 107,000 square teet, 

$500,000 value. 
160 Exhibits of Reduction Machinery, 40,000 square feet, 

$350,000 value. 
260 Exhibits of Dairy Products and Machinery, 46,900 square 

feet, $111,000 value. 
200 Exhibits of Live Stock, $400,000 value. 
Number Head of Horses, Cattle, Sheep, Swiue and Poultry, 

2100. , • 

All of the above are in the Main Building and the Wagon 
Extension, excepting the Live Stock. The Live Stock has occu- 
pied six barns, each 378 feet by 60, making 136,080 square feet 
of space covered. Our live stock shows have been so arranged 
as to occupy portions of the barns, in some instances three dif- 
ferent times, and had the show of all classes occurred at the 
same time, it would have required fully double the amount of 
space above stated to have accommodated them. 

In addition to the items already enumerated, there is a show 
ring and show grounds, which (including the adjacent stock 
buildings) cover 41 acres; also Section D., for windmills, a space 
comprising about 12,000 square feet. 

The amount of premiums awarded and yet to be awarded will 
reach about $62,000. I regret to say that it has not been possi- 
ble for the Management to pay the awards on stock, owing to 
financial embarrassment. 

HORTICULTURAL DEPARTMENT. 

The Hall constructed for this Department is by far the largest 
conservatory ever erected. It has a glass roof and tower, is 
heated by steam, and is rapidly filling with magnificent plants 
from Mexico, Central America, California, Florida, and other 
parts of the United States. 

The fruit display is now 25,000 plates, or 125,000 specimens, by 
far the largest collection ever made before ; entries in division of 
pomology and plants, 1826; ornamental trees and forest trees 
planted, 8000; flowering plants exhibited, 5000; flowering bulbs 
planted, 230,000. Length of walks made, five miles. 



14 

ART DEPARTMENT. 

The Art Hall, measuring 250 feet in length by 100 feet in width, 
with a Gothic Portico in front, is covered without and within 
with iron, of which the partition walls are also constructed. It 
is divided into one gallery of 250 feet by 50 feet, and two others, 
measuring 100 feet by 50 feet each, all devoted to paintings, 
and a gallery 50 feet square for statuary. It has been erected at a 
cost of $30,000, and is most admirably and equally lighted 
through glass on the roof and illuminated by over 1200 incan- 
descent electric lights. 

At an expense of over $10,000, for freight, expressage, ocean 
transportation, packiug, and premiums on insurance, a collec- 
tion of more than 1000 choice paintings, and a large number of 
fine works of art in bronze and marble have been brought to 
the Exposition, and are now in process of rapid installation. 

One of the two smaller Picture G-alleries is filled with the 
contributions of the Mexican Government, exhibiting in chrono- 
logical order the progress of Art in Mexico from its conquest by 
Spain to the present day. In this collection alone are repre- 
sented the art treasures of Mexico, which are as instructive and 
entertaining as complete. The second of these smaller galleries 
is entirely occupied by paintings contributed by the Belgian 
Government. The variety and excellence of this collection, 
composed of the best examples of Belgian Art, are such as to 
reflect the highest credit on the country by which it has been 
contributed. 

In the principal Picture Gallery are grouped the best examples 
of American Art, contributed by the first American artists 
themselves and the private owners of their best works. Along 
witli these are choice works from France, Italy, Germany and 
England, the whole constituting by far the choicest large collec- 
tion of painting's ever exhibited on this continent. 

In the Statuary Hall are specimens of the best foreign and 
native works of art, both in bronze and marble, which challenge 
the admiration of all lovers of Art. 

The pictures admitted to the Art Hall have been selected by a 
critical art commission from more than 2000 paintings tendered ; 
and a degree of uniform high merit and excellence has been thus 
secured, such as has never been seen in America in a collection 
approaching this in number. 



15 

Within ten days this splendid temple of art will be open to 
the world, complete in all its parts and arrangements, and furnish- 
ing, probably, the most beautiful and grand attraction of. the 
Exposition. 

For a year and one-half the Management have devoted their 
time and services to the duties imposed on them, under the Act 
of Congress, without compensation other than the gratification 
to be derived from the successful execution of what they have 
ever regarded as a high national trust. 

The results accomplished and presented to the country of the 
largest International aud National Exhibition ever heretofore in- 
augurated, with an expenditure of less than two millions of 
dollars ; the benefits to accrue to the country by its successful op- 
eration ; the injury resulting to the States, exhibitors and foreign 
citizens and governments participating therein, by the prolong- 
ation of conditions which retard its progress and excite 
doubts in distant communities as to its financial success; 
the further fact that from the commencement of the enter- 
prise it has been recognized throughout the world as a work 
belonging to the nation, justifies the management in expressing 
the conviction that the prompt aid of the Government is essen- 
tial to placing the Exhibition upon a plane consistent with the 
interests of the country. 

The time for visitors from the Northern States and from foreign 
countries is rapidly passing. 

Au additional appropriation, adequate to the extinguishment 
of existing liabilities and sufficient for perfecting the parts of 
the work of construction and installation, interrupted by the 
adverse conditions recited above, will reassure the people every- 
where, promote attendance, increase the revenues, and thereby 
best conserve the public welfare. 

So much of the time designed for the Exhibition has elapsed, 
and it being evident that the people of the United States and 
foreign countries will not be afforded sufficient opportunity 
within the time now designated for the closing to experience the 
full benefits of collections so vast in quality and variety, we 
respectfully submit, with our earnest approval, the recommenda- 
tion that authority be given to reopen and continue the exhibi- 
tion for a period to be fixed by Congress. 
I have the honor to be, 

Very respectfully, 

E. A. BURKE, Director General. 



LIBRARY OF CONGRESS 



019 970 979 _3_ 




